The valve is the only rubber component on a wheel that is holding pressure on its own, and on most cars it is a snap-in stem pushed through a hole in the rim and held there by nothing but its own interference fit. It ages the way any rubber part ages, through ozone, road salt, heat coming off the brakes and constant flexing as the wheel turns. Give it four or five years and it has gone stiff, and stiff rubber does not seal reliably against metal.
Which makes the moment a tyre comes off the rim the only sensible time to renew it. The wheel is already apart, the old valve is sitting right there, and the part itself is trivial. Skip it and a brand new tyre goes on with a component that has already done a full tyre's worth of service underneath it, and the leak that turns up eighteen months later gets blamed on the tyre or hunted for in the tread. We fit a new valve with every new tyre as a matter of course, and a new cap along with it, because the cap is a secondary seal keeping grit out of the core rather than a piece of decoration.
Across NW10, most of the tyre fitting we do happens on a driveway or in a work car park rather than on a ramp. It saves the queue, and it saves the bit that matters more, which is driving on a tyre you already know is finished on a road like the A404. Tight in Park Royal, easy in Stonebridge: neither stops the job. Level in Willesden Junction, sloping in the Acton Lane area: we set the car straight first. NW10 takes in the Acton Lane area and Craven Park, and we work the lot.

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Cars around Harlesden work hard and get washed rarely, and the winter salt that comes off the Harrow Road sits around the valve stem for months at a time. That is precisely the environment which hardens rubber from the inside of the rim outward, where nobody is looking. Since we are fitting at the kerb anyway, the new valve goes in while the wheel is already apart, which is the only version of that job that costs nothing extra. Wherever you buy tyres, it is a fair question to ask whether the valves are included before the wheels come off.
A car came to us with a slow leak on a nearly new tyre fitted elsewhere. The tyre was perfect. The valve was the one that had served the previous set and had been left in the rim to save somebody a minute.
A valve taken out of a wheel in the Acton Lane area had split at the point where it sits in the rim, which is where they always go and which is the one part of it you cannot inspect with the wheel still on the car.
A set fitted on a driveway went on with new stems and new caps throughout. Missing caps let grit into the core, and a core that will not seat properly gives you a leak that nobody can find anywhere in the tread.
It is the difference between a job finished and a job mostly finished. A rubber valve has roughly the same working life as the tyre it was fitted alongside, so reusing it means starting a fresh set on a part already at the end of its service. The component is small and the moment to change it is free.
At the point where the stem passes through the rim, because that is where it is squeezed, flexed on every rotation and sat in salt and water all winter. The outside can look perfectly sound while the section inside the hole has gone hard and cracked. There is no inspecting it without taking the tyre off.
Yes. It keeps water and grit out of the valve core, and a core with a speck of dirt on its seat leaks slowly and gives no clue where the air is going. It is a second seal in its own right. Missing caps are worth replacing whether or not anything else is being done.
Some wheels use a clamp-in metal stem, which lasts a good deal longer but still relies on a rubber seal and a core, and both of those age. Those get inspected and their sealing parts renewed as needed rather than changed automatically. We tell you which sort you have while the wheel is off.
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